glp-1 drugs come from Comparing Ozempic, Wegovy and Other The GLP-1 Access Gap: Mapping

10.4088/JCP.15r09984 J Clin Psychiatry

Early pharmacokinetic studies suggested that when standard, unprotected glutathione was ingested, it was rapidly cleaved into its constituent amino acids (glutamate, cysteine, and glycine) by digestive enzymes like $\gamma$-glutamyltransferase and harsh stomach acids

Hydrolyzed for Efficient Absorption Low molecular weight peptides (~500 Da) dissolve quickly and are designed to support efficient utilization and visible beauty benefits from within

In the context of DR, this leads to the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, increasing downstream expression of anti-apoptotic genes like BCL2 and reducing the activity of pro-apoptotic markers such as Caspase-3

Gault VA, Kerr BD, Harriott P, Flatt PR